Stratospheric Dynamics (Middle Atmosphere)
In the last decade we have studied the impact of natural variability sources such as the El Niño-Southern Oscillation (ENSO), the Quasi-Biennial Oscillation (QBO) or the 11-year solar cycle on stratospheric dynamics. Their impact on the Arctic Region and Stratospheric Sudden Warmings is one of our current focuses of interest. Additionally, we are working on identifying the main mechanisms explaining the impact of climate change on the stratospheric circulation and the interaction between ozone changes and climate change. We use both reanalysis and the latest generation of General Circulation Models with a well resolved stratosphere.
Related Projects
DynWarm (Dynamical forcing and triggering mechanisms of sudden stratospheric warmings) Contract no. PID2019-109107GB-I00. Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación, Proyectos de Generación de Conocimiento y Fortalecimiento Científico y Tecnológico del Sistema de I+D+i 2019. Funding: 121.000 €. PI: P. Zurita and A. de la Cámara. 2020-2023.
JeDiS (Jet Dynamics and extremeS) Contract no. RTI2018-096402-B-I00. MICINN (Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovación y Universidades), Proyectos de I+D+I Retos de la Sociedad 2018. Funding: 145.200 €. PI: B. Ayarzagüena and R. García. 2019-2021.
PALEOSTRAT (PALEOmodelization from a STRATospheric prespective) CGL2015-69699. Funding Agency: MINECO (Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad). Proyectos de Investigación Fundamental No Orientada 2015. Funding: 115.600 €. PI: N. Calvo and D. Barriopedro. 2016-2018
StratoClim (STRATOspheric and upper tropospheric processes for better CLIMate predictions) Ref. 603557. Funding Agency: European Commission, FP7 Program. Funding: 145.352 €. PI (Spain): N. Calvo. 2014-2016
MATRES (Mecanismos y Variabilidad del Acoplamiento TRoposfera-EStratosfera) CGL2012-34221.Funding Agency: MINECO (Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad). Proyectos de Investigación Fundamental No Orientada 2012. Funding: 84.600 €. PI: D. Barriopedro. 2013-2015
Supercomputign and e-Science CSD 2007-00050. Funding Agency: MEC, CONSOLIDER. PI: Mateo Valero Cortés. 2007-2011
TRODIM (DIagnosis and Modelization of the extratropical TROpopause). CGL2007-65891-C-05-02. Funding Agency: MEC (Ministerio de Educación y Ciencia, Spanish Government). Ayudas a proyectos de investigación 2007. Funding: 695.750 € (subproject: 153.670 €). PI: N. Calvo (since 2010). 2007-2010
Selected Publications
Butler, A.H., A. Arribas, M. Athanassiadou, J. Baehr, N. Calvo, A. Charlton-Perez, M. Deque, D.I.V. Domeisen, K. Froehlich, H. Hendon, Y. Imada, M. Ishii, M. Iza, A. Karpechko, A. Kumar, C. MacLachlan, W.J. Merryfield, W.A. Mueller, A. O'Neill, A.A. Scaife, J. Scinocca, M. Sigmond, T.N. Stockdale, and T. Yasuda (2016): The Climate-system Historical Forecasting Project: Do stratosphere-resolving models make better seasonal climate predictions in boreal winter? Q. J. Roy. Meteor. Soc., doi: 10.1002/qj.2743.
Calvo, N., Polvani, L. M. and Solomon, S. (2015): On the surface impact of Arctic stratospheric ozone extremes. Environmental Research Letters, 10(9), 094003.
Iza M., and N. Calvo (2015): Role of Stratospheric Sudden Warmings on the response to Central Pacific El Niño. Geophys. Res. Lett., 42, doi:10.1002/2014GL062935.
Palmeiro F.M., Barriopedro D., García-Herrera R. and Calvo N. (2015): Comparing Sudden Stratospheric Warming Definitions in Reanalysis Data. J.Clim., 28, 6823-6840, doi:10.1175/JCLI-D-15-0004.1.
Barriopedro D., Calvo N. (2014): On the relationship between ENSO, Stratospheric Sudden Warmings and Blocking. J. Clim., 27, 4704-4720, doi: 10.1175/JCLI-D-13-00770.1
Hurwitz, M.M., N. Calvo, C.I. Garfinkel, A.H. Butler, S. Ineson, C. Cagnazzo, E. Manzini, and C. Peña-Ortiz (2014): Extra-tropical atmospheric response to ENSO in the CMIP5 models. Climate Dynamics, 43, doi:10.1007/s00382-014-2110-z.
Palmeiro, F.M., Calvo N. and Garcia R.R. (2014): Future changes in the Brewer Dobson circulation under different greenhouse gas concentrations. J. Atmos. Sci., 71(8), 2962-2975, doi:10.1175/JAS-D-13-0289.1
Barriopedro D., Calvo N. (2014): On the relationship between ENSO, Stratospheric Sudden Warmings and Blocking. J. Clim., 27, 4704-4720, doi: 10.1175/JCLI-D-13-00770.1
Chiodo G., Calvo N., Marsh D.R., García-Herrera R. (2012): The 11-year solar cycle signal in transient WACCM3.5 simulations. Journal of Geophysical Research, 117, D06109, doi:10.1029/2011JD016393.
Calvo N., García R.R., Marsh D.R., Mills M.J., Kinnison D.E., Young P.J. (2012): Reconciling modeled and observed temperature trends over Antarctica. Geophysical Research Letters, 39, L16803, doi:10.1029/2012GL052526.
De la Torre L., García R.R., Barriopedro D., Chandran A. (2012): Climatology and Characteristics of Stratospheric Sudden Warmings in the Whole Atmosphere Community Climate Model.. Journal of Geophysical Research, 117, doi:10.1029/2011JD016840.
Gómez-Escolar, M., Fueglistaler S., Calvo N., Barriopedro D. (2012): Changes in polar stratospheric temperature climatology in relation to stratospheric sudden warming occurrence. Geophys. Res. Lett., 39, L22802, doi:10.1029/2012GL053632.
Calvo N., Marsh D.R. (2011): The combined effects of ENSO and the 11 year solar cycle on the Northern Hemisphere polar stratosphere. Journal of Geophysical Research, 116, D23112, doi:10.1029/2010JD015226.
Zubiaurre I., Calvo N. (2011): The ENSO Modoki signal in the stratosphere. Journal of Geophysical Research, 117, D06109, doi:10.1029/2011JD016690.
Barriopedro D., Antón M., García J.A. (2010): Atmospheric blocking signatures in total ozone and ozone mini-holes. Journal of Climate, 23, 14, 3967-3983, doi: 10.1175/2010JCLI3508.1.
Calvo N., García R.R., Randel W.J., Marsh D.R. (2010): Dynamical mechanism for the increase in tropical upwelling in the lowermost tropical stratosphere during warm ENSO events. Journal of the Atmospheric Sciences, 67, 2331-2340
Castanheira J.M., Barriopedro D. (2010): Dynamical connection between tropospheric blockings and stratospheric polar vortex. Geophysical Research Letters, 37, L13809, doi: 10.1029/2010GL043819.
Cagnazzo C., Manzini E., Calvo N., Douglass A., Akiyoshi H., Bekki S., Chipperfield M., Dameris M., Deushi M., Fischer A.M., Garny H., Gettelman A., Giorgetta M.A., Plummer D., Rozanov E., Shepherd T.G., Shibata K., Stenke A., Struhers H., Tian W. (2009): Northern winter stratospheric temperatures and ozone responses to ENSO inferred from an ensemble of Chemisry Climate Models. Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics, 9, 8935-8948.
Calvo N., García R.R. (2009): Wave forcing of the tropical upwelling in the lower stratosphere under increasing greehouse gas concentration. Journal of the Atmospheric Sciences, 66, 3184-3196. doi: 10.1175/2009JAS3085.1.
Calvo N., Giorgetta M.A., Garcia-Herrera R., Manzini E. (2009): Non-linearity of the combined warm ENSO and QBO effects on the Northern Hemisphere Polar Vortex in MAECHM5 simulations. Journal of Geophysical Research, 114, D13109. doi:10.1029/2008JD011445.
Randel W.J., García R.R., Calvo N., Marsh D. (2009): ENSO influence on zonal mean temperature and ozone in the tropical lower stratosphere. Geophysical Research Letters, 36, L15822, doi:10.1029/2009GL039343.
Calvo N., Giorgetta M.A., Peña-Ortiz C. (2007): Sensitivity of the boreal winter circulation in the middle atmosphere to the quasi-biennial oscillation in MAECHAM5 simulations. Journal of Geophysical Research, 112, D10124, doi: 10.10296/2006JD007844.
García-Herrera R., Calvo N., García R.R., Giorgetta M.A. (2006): Propagation of ENSO temperature signals into the middle atmosphere: a comparison of two general circulation models and ERA-40 reanalysis data. Journal of Geophysical Research, 111, D06101, doi: 10.1029/2005JD006061.
Calvo N., García R.R., García-Herrera R., Gallego D., Gimeno L., Hernández E., Ribera P. (2004): Analysis of the ENSO signal in tropospheric and stratospheric temperatures observed by MSU, 1979-2000. Journal of Climate, 17, 3934-3945.
Universidad Complutense de Madrid